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Jusqu'au 20ème siècle, la rougeole, d'abord confondue avec la variole, fait des ravages. C'est en 1954 que la recherche fait un bond en avant en isolant le virus, ce qui aboutira au développement d'un vacccin, le R.O.R., élaboré en 1963.

En 1824, une mystérieuse maladie est observée au Bengale : La leishmaniose, maladie mortelle qui rapidement se propage en Asie, en Afrique et jusqu'au Brésil. Maladie autrement appelée le mal noir, à cause d'un symptôme fréquent : le noircissement de la peau.

La maladie du sommeil est présente en Afrique depuis toujours. Au début du 20è siècle, le médecin militaire Eugène Jamot met en place une arme contre ce fléau causé par un parasite et transmis par la mouche tsé tsé : le dépistage de masse. Reste que dans les zones où la maladie est quasiment éteinte, la vigilance reste de mise...

La pneumonie est la plus mortelle des infections respiratoires aiguës. En 1918, elle a détrôné la tuberculose au panthéon des maladies tueuses. En 1970, un premier vaccin est mis au point. Néanmoins, la vaccination peine à toucher les pays pauvres.

The well-known symptom of hepatitis (inflammation of the liver) is jaundice. Hepatitis is still responsible for one and a half million deaths a year in the world, 500,000 of them due to hepatitis C. A new treatment, sofosbuvir, is used nowadays in the rich countries.

Antimicrobial resistance is a major public health problem. As global antibiotic consumption continues to grow, the supply of new antibiotics is stagnating. In 2014, for the first time, WHO published an alarming report about that subject. An episode of the series "Killer diseases".

Between 7 and 8 million people worldwide are infected with the Chagas parasite that kills more than 12,000 people a year. The vast majority of patients are Latin Americans. An episode of the series "Killer diseases".

Pneumonia is the most lethal of acute respiratory infections. In 1970, a first vaccine was developed. Nevertheless, vaccination is struggling to reach poor countries. In 2013, pneumonia killed 2 million children under 5 years old.

In 1824, a mysterious disease was observed in Bengal: leishmaniasis, a deadly disease that spread quickly to Asia, Africa and Brazil. Disease otherwise called black sore, because of a frequent symptom: blackening of the skin. An episode of the series "Serial killers". 

With 10% of the world's population, malnutrition remains one of the great scourges of humanity, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, with children being the most vulnerable. An episode of the series "Killer diseases". 

In the last ten years, malaria mortality has halved around the world thanks to prevention and new drugs, including artemisinin.

Although vaccination coverage has increased all over the world, vigilance agains measles should not be weakened, since there are still 147,000 deaths per year worldwide. In France, there's been a resurgence of the disease since the late 1980s. An episode of the series "Killer diseases".